You come back to it. Doesn’t have the racist implication in British English.
Clif
Yes, but not typically when applied to a Brit.
Agemegos
What?
davidbreslin101
In Imperial times, it was common to call any non-white male servant “boy”.
Mydnyt
I think he’s just more the type to correct “I am a young man thank you. I stopped being a boy years ago”
Thag Simmons
“Boy” is one of those words that is very context sensitive. Depending on how it’s used it can be a demeaning insult or a term of endearment
Common Sense
And thats todays “How humans make language overly complicated for dumb reasons. Thank you and have a good night”
Seriously its like the eternal discussion if it is okay to refer to black people as “black”
The best that could happen to humanity would be a complete memory wipe so that all language can start back at zero and no one can get offended for stupid reasons.
Decidedly Orthogonal
Fascinating. To be clear, yes it doesn’t seem to have the racist connotation _in Britain_, however, the word “boy” is likely racist specifically when refering to african american men. This is because of its history of being used to denigrate the addressee as inferior to the speaker.
When used to address a white person, especially as in the context between Joyce and Jason, it is not racist. Possibly sexist, as there may be read something derogitory in Joyce’s meaning, but even that is a big stretch.
TIL – errors in the understanding of the issues here are my own, but not intending harm.
thejeff
Or ageist, but really completely overblown here, I think.
Most of the time, especially when dealing with relatively young adults, “girl” and “boy” are used casually with no negative implications.
Also note that she used “boy” last strip (and “girls” in both of the last couple) with no one raising objections. Nothing really different here. No racist of sexist connotations. She’s just using “girl” and “boy” as casual terms for herself and her peers, which is very common at that age and even considerably older.
2) Jason knows to shut his mouth around people like Ruth rather than invite the inevitable putdown that would result from protesting. (Or… at least he should… if he’s smart… crap.)
She’s had her epiphany! And because the universe is just, all epiphanies give you a more truthful understanding of the world! Now she can live her life uncritically agan
Specifically, a peanut shell. ONE of the peanuts learn it but mostly doesn’t understand it. The religious-conservative nutcasing manages to keep that separate from the OTHER peanut, which doesn’t learn it.
(Yes, I know peanuts aren’t nuts, shaddup.)
MacareuxMoine
And here I was going to point out that the nutcasing is not designed to separate the peanuts – they touch each other -, while totally ignoring the not-a-nut issue
A “public education” is typically used to describe someone’s learning received in grade-school through to high-school graduation.
A university or college being publicly funded does not make the education one receives there, “public education,” since one must still pay tuition to attend. There is a financial barrier that restricts access to the general public.
Needfuldoer
Joyce was homeschooled. At least some of her older siblings went to public school, but by the time she was school age, Carol was too extremist to enroll her. And of course since this is Carol we’re talking about, you just know she didn’t instill critical thinking skills and only taught the bare minimum of science classes in order for Joyce to pass, telling her to “not believe it just know the right answers to say to these questions”. The coursework probably came from fundamentalist Christian institutions, with a healthy dose of skepticism against the typical boogeymen and plenty of “every day is Sunday school” thrown in.
Freshman year at IU is literally the first secular education experience Joyce has ever had.
jmsr7
Exactly. THE WHOLE POINT of homeschooling is to mentally cripple your children to prevent them from ever leaving your religion (whatever it is – fundagelicals aren’t the only ones who do it). They are carefully taught WHAT to think and carefully prevented from learning HOW to think beyond rote memorization.
And yes, i know that there are some homeschool curricula available that are of much higher quality, that actually give a good education, better even than you would get in some school districts, which is why those parents choose them.
Those are exceptions. The vast majority of children being homeschooled are being done so to keep the child in the religion. (that link was just something funny i found, but it seems to describe fundy homeschooling pretty well)
Mano308gts
There are considerable numbers of homeschool students who fall either into “dropped out of school, technically-but-not-really homeschooling to keep out of legal trouble”, and “expensive preparatory schools are expensive, so let’s provide a better-than-local-public-school education for far less cost, in order to get the SAT scores that we desire for our kids”.
Neither of these extensive swaths of the homeschool world have anything to do with religion by definition, yet both are nearly as common as the religious call to homeschool. Both also frequently overlap with the religious call to homeschool.
They are both increasingly more common, the lower the standard of local public education is, as a share of the local homeschoolers. For instance, a local city school district has a roughly 40% high school drop-out rate, plus extensive earlier ed dropout rate. Almost all of the homeschool students from that district belong to one of the two non-religious groups.
Wizard
Plus, there has been a massive increase in home schooling during the current pandemic. The utter failure of many US public school systems in the face of the pandemic has driven many parents to turn to alternatives such as home schooling and learning pods because it’s the only way their kids are going to get an education.
The point is that American Public schools have this god-aweful habit of getting kids to memorize stuff and pour it into quizzes just to forget about it and barely understand it afterwards.
Norah
But this class was taught by Leslie. I don’t think Leslie teaches like that.
Tangent on Leslie’s class as attended by a homeschooled soon-to-be-ex-fundie:
When Joyce said “attraction to both your own gender and a different gender”, she didn’t say “males and females/boys and girls/men and women”. Was that on purpose? Did she go from basically zero knowledge to understanding at least a bit about non-binary gender, thanks to Leslie’s class?
(Sorry for any inartful wording. I’m older than Willis and frankly would have loved to taken a gender studies elective back in my college days, but it wasn’t offered back when I was studying the newfangled voice modulation of radio waves for my BSEE.)
Peep
I’m thinking the implication is that the definition of bisexuality she’s parroting verbatim was deliberately worded that way by Leslie specifically to be inclusive of non-binary genders. And Joyce probably sort of understands that there are non-binary people out there. But she doesn’t have the real-world context to translate that nuanced definition into ‘hey ppl can legit like girls AND boys’. Taking a wild stab at it, I’d guess any understanding she has of what a non binary person actually might look like in the real world is probably also pretty warped, but she’d be fully ready to defend to the death their right to fit exactly into her perspective of what they SHOULD look like
Z
Supa queer non binary person here-
Yep all of this. Because the class has to be inclusive and safe for the queerest folk, it means Leslie kind of launches people like Joyce into way more advanced waters than they can understand.
I suspect Joyce couldn’t really say what a gender actually is, just memorized the definition.
A lot of people assume that other genders are basically just flavors of gay. Joyce may be thinking you can be a woman who is attracted to both lesbians and dykes or a man who is attracted to both fags and fairies. (Sorry for the crude language, we are talking about ignorance)
I cannot remember if Joyce is aware of Carla and Booster or what her opinions of them are. I kiiiinda suspect Joyce sees Carla as a cisgender girl with a weird label and her brain might explode to realize Carla was born with a penis. I would be shocked if Joyce genuinely considered Booster to in no way be male and doesn’t just think Booster’s a guy whose pronouns are a quirk like Walky:s and Billie’s nicknames.
Needfuldoer
Joyce just knows Carla “gets a single room all to herself for some reason”. She might think it’s because Carla’s parents are billionaires who just pay extra. This comic goes back a while, but I don’t think this has been explored any further since then:
Joyce also started using masculine pronouns for Booster by default, then used neutral pronouns when she was corrected. However nobody actually said “Booster is nonbinary” to her, and she just took the correction at face value and steamrolled onward without asking questions. You’re probably right, she does just think their name and pronouns are a quirk.
She does say she’ll google it later (by which she means she’ll bug Sarah about it).
ValdVin
Good stuff. Thanks all.
Tomn
In fairness, this is true of many parts of the world, especially Asia where it isn’t commonly thought that learning through rote memorization is at all a bad thing (especially since some of the languages, like Chinese, can really only BE learned through rote memorization).
The basic problem is that “this student comprehends the subject” is hard to quantify and demonstrate and put out on a press release boasting about your accomplishments as a principal/administrator/politician/whatever, but “average test scores are super high!” IS. As a result most schools throughout the world, especially public schools where they need to justify themselves to the general public, have an incentive to teach to the test.
eh, whatever
some of the languages, like Chinese
You mean the writing systems of Chinese and Japanese. The languages are languages like any other.
Z
I have auditory processing issues so I can’t hear the tones in Chinese dialects so it actually would be remote memorization for me as well.
Unsurprisingly I dropped Mandarin after one semester.
Sam
In addition, Chinese characters are made up of components that actually make sense in a strange way to make the meaning of the full character.
Japanese doesn’t follow these rules, except when they do.
The general meanings for each symbol are more or less intact between Chinese (Mandarin) and Japanese, but the pronunciations are completely different, and some meanings are added based on context
I had a (white) sensei who mentioned that her husband had taken the time to learn all the kanji only based on the symbols themselves so even if Sensei didn’t know something, her husband did, so between them they could decipher anything, which is pretty wild for someone with no formal training
Z
Kanji follows it. Katakana and Hiragana don’t. Japanese kanji are literally just Chinese characters. Katakana and Hiragana are japanese-specific characters that work more like the English alphabet, each symbol represents a sound.
khn0
Well it’s like tests for mental health.
Under the pressure of anglo-saxon reviewing of studies; it morphed open question unto easy to correct quizzes.
It’s not that anglo-saxon ruined tests, but that they were more advanced toward standardization of tests in order to achieve proletarization of intellectual work and managing work.
zee
From my experience that’s not just public education that’s the entire education system
Did the kind of private christian schooling she got teach her to “learn how [thing] is supposed to work, in order to pass the required test, but don’t actually believe it is true or describes the real world”?
Boys broadly, Jason specifically. Busexuals don’t get guff from me
Nobonesforever
Busexuals get guff from me, actually. Bisexuals on the other hand r fine
RacingTurtle
Mmm, check out that bus
Nobonesforever
Damn Busexuals always making me late for work with their passionate, long held gazes into the local route 4’s headlights.
Delicious Taffy
Reminds me of an old-ish podcast episode I listen to a lot. One of the hosts recalls a bizarre phenomenon on his school bus as a teen, where somebody had carved a hole in one of the bus seats and so other people started fucking the bus seat during rides to and from school. I’d say that falls under the umbrella you’ve laid out.
Nobonesforever
Hey Taffy, I really appreciate ur contribution to this conversation but wtf now I have to scrub my brain w steel wool
Now, see, this is actually a “Joyce being as hardline as she used to be, but in the opposite direction” moment, which is made much simpler since she’s not being “hardline” to her fundie death cult.
With Booster, it was simple: she misgendered them and she was corrected, so she immediately acknowledged fault, accepted that Booster knew better than her and she had to follow their lead. Whatever Joyce thought didn’t matter, her ignorance was not up to par with Booster’s experience, she accepted not knowing.
For fairly obvious reasons, the prospect of accepting she does not know something is not crossing Joyce’s mind at the moment, except her wealth of information she used to rely on as the inerrant facts of the universe that defined human morality up to the origin of life was replaced by that same information and the realization that it was all bullshit. She’s as stringently devoted to her truth as she used to be, but her truth is that it was all lies and, so, obviously the real truth is the opposite of what she was told.
Ruth likes girls and also boys, and so dating a boy means she’s not doing the thing Joyce’s fundie upbringing insisted was wrong. To Joyce, that means Ruth is making a mistake, that her salvation lies in being with a girl because it’s the opposite of what she was told, and so she’s taking ownership of Ruth’s sexuality the same way she took ownership of the fundamental immorality of pre-marital hanky panky and that everyone she loved was going to burn in Hell for all eternity; of course I know what I’m talking about.
284 thoughts on “Murdering”
Ana Chronistic
I thought you said you were DONE with learnin ?
Ana Chronistic
also p sure Jason would have words about being a “boy”
Agemegos
You come back to it. Doesn’t have the racist implication in British English.
Clif
Yes, but not typically when applied to a Brit.
Agemegos
What?
davidbreslin101
In Imperial times, it was common to call any non-white male servant “boy”.
Mydnyt
I think he’s just more the type to correct “I am a young man thank you. I stopped being a boy years ago”
Thag Simmons
“Boy” is one of those words that is very context sensitive. Depending on how it’s used it can be a demeaning insult or a term of endearment
Common Sense
And thats todays “How humans make language overly complicated for dumb reasons. Thank you and have a good night”
Seriously its like the eternal discussion if it is okay to refer to black people as “black”
The best that could happen to humanity would be a complete memory wipe so that all language can start back at zero and no one can get offended for stupid reasons.
Decidedly Orthogonal
Fascinating. To be clear, yes it doesn’t seem to have the racist connotation _in Britain_, however, the word “boy” is likely racist specifically when refering to african american men. This is because of its history of being used to denigrate the addressee as inferior to the speaker.
When used to address a white person, especially as in the context between Joyce and Jason, it is not racist. Possibly sexist, as there may be read something derogitory in Joyce’s meaning, but even that is a big stretch.
TIL – errors in the understanding of the issues here are my own, but not intending harm.
thejeff
Or ageist, but really completely overblown here, I think.
Most of the time, especially when dealing with relatively young adults, “girl” and “boy” are used casually with no negative implications.
Also note that she used “boy” last strip (and “girls” in both of the last couple) with no one raising objections. Nothing really different here. No racist of sexist connotations. She’s just using “girl” and “boy” as casual terms for herself and her peers, which is very common at that age and even considerably older.
Reltzik
1) TBF, she’d already learned the definition.
2) Jason knows to shut his mouth around people like Ruth rather than invite the inevitable putdown that would result from protesting. (Or… at least he should… if he’s smart… crap.)
Doctor_Who
Jason identifies as a “bloke”.
Rose by Any Other Name
I mean, I’m pretty sure he answers to ‘fuck boy’ at this point, so…
Pylgrim
Here we realize that what she really meant was “I’m done with having my worldview shaken.”
KerPop47
She’s had her epiphany! And because the universe is just, all epiphanies give you a more truthful understanding of the world! Now she can live her life uncritically agan
The Wellerman
“She’s with a BOY now.”
AAAAANNNDDD????
Clif
Well, that explains it then.
JA
Boys have cooties and are gross.
Source: am boy
Adept
Your gravatar is too perfect for this comment
Thag Simmons
It seems Joyce knows what Bisexuality is but does not truly understand it
The Wellerman
Basically American public education in a nutshell though.
Reltzik
Specifically, a peanut shell. ONE of the peanuts learn it but mostly doesn’t understand it. The religious-conservative nutcasing manages to keep that separate from the OTHER peanut, which doesn’t learn it.
(Yes, I know peanuts aren’t nuts, shaddup.)
MacareuxMoine
And here I was going to point out that the nutcasing is not designed to separate the peanuts – they touch each other -, while totally ignoring the not-a-nut issue
drs
Joyce didn’t get public education.
Jamie
Indiana University is a public university.
Decidedly Orthogonal
A “public education” is typically used to describe someone’s learning received in grade-school through to high-school graduation.
A university or college being publicly funded does not make the education one receives there, “public education,” since one must still pay tuition to attend. There is a financial barrier that restricts access to the general public.
Needfuldoer
Joyce was homeschooled. At least some of her older siblings went to public school, but by the time she was school age, Carol was too extremist to enroll her. And of course since this is Carol we’re talking about, you just know she didn’t instill critical thinking skills and only taught the bare minimum of science classes in order for Joyce to pass, telling her to “not believe it just know the right answers to say to these questions”. The coursework probably came from fundamentalist Christian institutions, with a healthy dose of skepticism against the typical boogeymen and plenty of “every day is Sunday school” thrown in.
Freshman year at IU is literally the first secular education experience Joyce has ever had.
jmsr7
Exactly. THE WHOLE POINT of homeschooling is to mentally cripple your children to prevent them from ever leaving your religion (whatever it is – fundagelicals aren’t the only ones who do it). They are carefully taught WHAT to think and carefully prevented from learning HOW to think beyond rote memorization.
And yes, i know that there are some homeschool curricula available that are of much higher quality, that actually give a good education, better even than you would get in some school districts, which is why those parents choose them.
Those are exceptions. The vast majority of children being homeschooled are being done so to keep the child in the religion.
(that link was just something funny i found, but it seems to describe fundy homeschooling pretty well)
Mano308gts
There are considerable numbers of homeschool students who fall either into “dropped out of school, technically-but-not-really homeschooling to keep out of legal trouble”, and “expensive preparatory schools are expensive, so let’s provide a better-than-local-public-school education for far less cost, in order to get the SAT scores that we desire for our kids”.
Neither of these extensive swaths of the homeschool world have anything to do with religion by definition, yet both are nearly as common as the religious call to homeschool. Both also frequently overlap with the religious call to homeschool.
They are both increasingly more common, the lower the standard of local public education is, as a share of the local homeschoolers. For instance, a local city school district has a roughly 40% high school drop-out rate, plus extensive earlier ed dropout rate. Almost all of the homeschool students from that district belong to one of the two non-religious groups.
Wizard
Plus, there has been a massive increase in home schooling during the current pandemic. The utter failure of many US public school systems in the face of the pandemic has driven many parents to turn to alternatives such as home schooling and learning pods because it’s the only way their kids are going to get an education.
The Wellerman
The point is that American Public schools have this god-aweful habit of getting kids to memorize stuff and pour it into quizzes just to forget about it and barely understand it afterwards.
Norah
But this class was taught by Leslie. I don’t think Leslie teaches like that.
ValdVin
Tangent on Leslie’s class as attended by a homeschooled soon-to-be-ex-fundie:
When Joyce said “attraction to both your own gender and a different gender”, she didn’t say “males and females/boys and girls/men and women”. Was that on purpose? Did she go from basically zero knowledge to understanding at least a bit about non-binary gender, thanks to Leslie’s class?
(Sorry for any inartful wording. I’m older than Willis and frankly would have loved to taken a gender studies elective back in my college days, but it wasn’t offered back when I was studying the newfangled voice modulation of radio waves for my BSEE.)
Peep
I’m thinking the implication is that the definition of bisexuality she’s parroting verbatim was deliberately worded that way by Leslie specifically to be inclusive of non-binary genders. And Joyce probably sort of understands that there are non-binary people out there. But she doesn’t have the real-world context to translate that nuanced definition into ‘hey ppl can legit like girls AND boys’. Taking a wild stab at it, I’d guess any understanding she has of what a non binary person actually might look like in the real world is probably also pretty warped, but she’d be fully ready to defend to the death their right to fit exactly into her perspective of what they SHOULD look like
Z
Supa queer non binary person here-
Yep all of this. Because the class has to be inclusive and safe for the queerest folk, it means Leslie kind of launches people like Joyce into way more advanced waters than they can understand.
I suspect Joyce couldn’t really say what a gender actually is, just memorized the definition.
A lot of people assume that other genders are basically just flavors of gay. Joyce may be thinking you can be a woman who is attracted to both lesbians and dykes or a man who is attracted to both fags and fairies. (Sorry for the crude language, we are talking about ignorance)
I cannot remember if Joyce is aware of Carla and Booster or what her opinions of them are. I kiiiinda suspect Joyce sees Carla as a cisgender girl with a weird label and her brain might explode to realize Carla was born with a penis. I would be shocked if Joyce genuinely considered Booster to in no way be male and doesn’t just think Booster’s a guy whose pronouns are a quirk like Walky:s and Billie’s nicknames.
Needfuldoer
Joyce just knows Carla “gets a single room all to herself for some reason”. She might think it’s because Carla’s parents are billionaires who just pay extra. This comic goes back a while, but I don’t think this has been explored any further since then:
https://www.dumbingofage.com/2014/comic/book-5/01-when-somebody-loved-me/introductions/
Joyce also started using masculine pronouns for Booster by default, then used neutral pronouns when she was corrected. However nobody actually said “Booster is nonbinary” to her, and she just took the correction at face value and steamrolled onward without asking questions. You’re probably right, she does just think their name and pronouns are a quirk.
https://www.dumbingofage.com/2020/comic/book-11/01-this-bright-millennium/uses/
Spencer
She does say she’ll google it later (by which she means she’ll bug Sarah about it).
ValdVin
Good stuff. Thanks all.
Tomn
In fairness, this is true of many parts of the world, especially Asia where it isn’t commonly thought that learning through rote memorization is at all a bad thing (especially since some of the languages, like Chinese, can really only BE learned through rote memorization).
The basic problem is that “this student comprehends the subject” is hard to quantify and demonstrate and put out on a press release boasting about your accomplishments as a principal/administrator/politician/whatever, but “average test scores are super high!” IS. As a result most schools throughout the world, especially public schools where they need to justify themselves to the general public, have an incentive to teach to the test.
eh, whatever
You mean the writing systems of Chinese and Japanese. The languages are languages like any other.
Z
I have auditory processing issues so I can’t hear the tones in Chinese dialects so it actually would be remote memorization for me as well.
Unsurprisingly I dropped Mandarin after one semester.
Sam
In addition, Chinese characters are made up of components that actually make sense in a strange way to make the meaning of the full character.
Japanese doesn’t follow these rules, except when they do.
Ana Chronistic
Hanzi/kanji are actually a sort of pictogram
The general meanings for each symbol are more or less intact between Chinese (Mandarin) and Japanese, but the pronunciations are completely different, and some meanings are added based on context
I had a (white) sensei who mentioned that her husband had taken the time to learn all the kanji only based on the symbols themselves so even if Sensei didn’t know something, her husband did, so between them they could decipher anything, which is pretty wild for someone with no formal training
Z
Kanji follows it. Katakana and Hiragana don’t. Japanese kanji are literally just Chinese characters. Katakana and Hiragana are japanese-specific characters that work more like the English alphabet, each symbol represents a sound.
khn0
Well it’s like tests for mental health.
Under the pressure of anglo-saxon reviewing of studies; it morphed open question unto easy to correct quizzes.
It’s not that anglo-saxon ruined tests, but that they were more advanced toward standardization of tests in order to achieve proletarization of intellectual work and managing work.
zee
From my experience that’s not just public education that’s the entire education system
Slartibeast Button, BIA
Did the kind of private christian schooling she got teach her to “learn how [thing] is supposed to work, in order to pass the required test, but don’t actually believe it is true or describes the real world”?
Alyssa
I think it did for evolution.
zee
She was homeschooled
Needfuldoer
Homeschooled by Carol, so the answer is probably “yes, exactly that”.
:\
Nobonesforever
Ok tbf I also don’t see the appeal
Agemegos
My gays friends used to tell me that “you have to be bi to get by. Doubles your chance of a date on Saturday night.”
Agemegos
Typo. “Gay friends”.
Bicycle Bill
In my case, it would just double the certainty of getting shot down in flames.
HeatherJean
That’s an old Woody Allen line from the ’60s, in case you didn’t know.
a/snow/mous/e
ew woody allen
Rose by Any Other Name
Of Jason?
Of bisexuality?
Of Boys?
People above guessed option 2, but honestly your original statement could have applied to any of the above.
Nobonesforever
Boys broadly, Jason specifically. Busexuals don’t get guff from me
Nobonesforever
Busexuals get guff from me, actually. Bisexuals on the other hand r fine
RacingTurtle
Mmm, check out that bus
Nobonesforever
Damn Busexuals always making me late for work with their passionate, long held gazes into the local route 4’s headlights.
Delicious Taffy
Reminds me of an old-ish podcast episode I listen to a lot. One of the hosts recalls a bizarre phenomenon on his school bus as a teen, where somebody had carved a hole in one of the bus seats and so other people started fucking the bus seat during rides to and from school. I’d say that falls under the umbrella you’ve laid out.
Nobonesforever
Hey Taffy, I really appreciate ur contribution to this conversation but wtf now I have to scrub my brain w steel wool
Opus the Poet
I used to have a 20 mile one way trip to school, I can understand this one.
DarkoNeko
Someone’s brain is not working
anon
that, or she’s heavily repressing her own bi-ness lol
jeffepp
Expressing. I think she’s finally admitting to herself that she might be a bit into girls. With glasses.
Needfuldoer
Can’t blame her for that one, honestly.
(Unless they’re “50s school lunch lady” glasses.)
RassilonTDavros
So close, and yet so far.
Clif
To be fair, Joyce has a history of hearing things after she says them. This may be a case in point.
Spencer
Now, see, this is actually a “Joyce being as hardline as she used to be, but in the opposite direction” moment, which is made much simpler since she’s not being “hardline” to her fundie death cult.
With Booster, it was simple: she misgendered them and she was corrected, so she immediately acknowledged fault, accepted that Booster knew better than her and she had to follow their lead. Whatever Joyce thought didn’t matter, her ignorance was not up to par with Booster’s experience, she accepted not knowing.
For fairly obvious reasons, the prospect of accepting she does not know something is not crossing Joyce’s mind at the moment, except her wealth of information she used to rely on as the inerrant facts of the universe that defined human morality up to the origin of life was replaced by that same information and the realization that it was all bullshit. She’s as stringently devoted to her truth as she used to be, but her truth is that it was all lies and, so, obviously the real truth is the opposite of what she was told.
Ruth likes girls and also boys, and so dating a boy means she’s not doing the thing Joyce’s fundie upbringing insisted was wrong. To Joyce, that means Ruth is making a mistake, that her salvation lies in being with a girl because it’s the opposite of what she was told, and so she’s taking ownership of Ruth’s sexuality the same way she took ownership of the fundamental immorality of pre-marital hanky panky and that everyone she loved was going to burn in Hell for all eternity; of course I know what I’m talking about.
ADLegend21